如果 "Congratulations "是复数,那么是否有单数版本?

John Brown 19-10-2023
John Brown

葡萄牙语以其复杂性而闻名,这使得讲这门语言的人每天都有各种各样的疑问。 其中一个问题是关于复数、单词和整个基本结构的形成。 因此,我们利用这个钩子,提出这样一个问题:如果有一个复数 "祝贺",单数会是 "parabém "吗?

根据语言文化规范,"祝贺 "是一个阳性复数名词。 但是,如果有复数形式,我们也有单数形式。 在这个意义上,正确的单数形式是 "parabém",该词最终过时并被废弃。

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用于祝贺某人时,"congratulations"(祝贺)是一个复数名词。 在这种情况下,使用该词的复数形式是正确的。 为此,伴随该名词的定语必须建立正确的名词一致。 例如:

  • 让我们一起唱生日快乐歌。
  • 这些祝贺是迟来的。
  • 我们在此祝贺您取得的又一成就。

祝贺:词源

parabém "一词起源于17世纪初,由介词 "para "与名词 "bem "连用,形成了我们现在所熟知的形式。 因此,介词 "para "在许多其他含义中表示目的、意图或方向,与名词 "bem "连用,也有很多含义。

因此,正确的单数用法应该是 "parabém"。 现在的情况是,这个词的单数用法--甚至被葡萄牙语官方词汇(Volp)认可--是一种最终被废弃的形式。

然而,马查多-德-阿西斯(Machado de Assis)在他的著作《卡斯穆罗大帝》(Dom Casmurro)(1899年)中完美地使用了单数 "parabém "一词:"(......)灵魂的状态,在灌木的倾斜、风的触摸中看到了普遍植物群的parabém,带来了比任何其他事物都更加亲切和细腻的感觉"。

其他例子

除了单数形式为 "parabém "的 "congratulations "一词外,单数形式为 "pêsames "的 "pêsames "一词也出现了同样的情况。 该词是 "congratulations "的反义词,经历了同样的过程。 因此,单数形式为 "pêsame "的 "pêsame "才是正确的。

然而,现在这个词几乎不用于单数形式,即使它被注册,因为从葡萄牙语的新方向来看,它是一个古老的形式。

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因此,当您因任何原因向某人表示祝贺时,正确的说法是 "祝贺";同样,当您因任何原因向某人表示哀悼时,正确的说法是复数 "哀悼"。

John Brown

Jeremy Cruz is a passionate writer and avid traveler who has a deep interest in competitions in Brazil. With a background in journalism, he has developed a keen eye for uncovering hidden gems in the form of unique competitions across the country. Jeremy's blog, Competitions in Brazil, serves as a hub for all things related to various contests and events taking place in Brazil.Fueled by his love for Brazil and its vibrant culture, Jeremy aims to shed light on the diverse array of competitions that often go unnoticed by the general public. From exhilarating sports tournaments to academic challenges, Jeremy covers it all, providing his readers with an insightful and comprehensive look into the world of Brazilian competitions.Moreover, Jeremy's deep appreciation for the positive impact competitions can have on society drives him to explore the social benefits that arise from these events. By highlighting the stories of individuals and organizations making a difference through competitions, Jeremy aims to inspire his readers to get involved and contribute to building a stronger and more inclusive Brazil.When he's not busy scouting for the next competition or writing engaging blog posts, Jeremy can be found immersing himself in Brazilian culture, exploring the country's picturesque landscapes, and savoring the flavors of Brazilian cuisine. With his vibrant personality anddedication to sharing the best of Brazil's competitions, Jeremy Cruz is a reliable source of inspiration and information for those seeking to discover the competitive spirit flourishing in Brazil.